Cineasta brasileño cuyo nombre se asocia a las vanguardias europeas del periodo de entreguerras. Frecuentó los ambientes artísticos franceses, dentro de los cuales realizó una película experimental de gran resonancia, Rien que les heures (1926). Más tarde alternó el documental y las películas de ficción, adaptaciones de obras literarias como Le capitaine Fracasse (1929). Fue llamado a Londres por John Grierson y su grupo de documentalistas y, convertido en productor, entre 1941 y 1949 realizó algunas películas de ficción. De regreso a Brasil, se dedicó a la enseñanza y a reorganizar la producción en su país. En esa época realizó O Canto do Mar (1953), una de sus obras más fuertes. De regreso a Europa rodó en Austria Herr Puntila und sein Knecht Matti (1960), según una obra del dramaturgo alemán Bertolt Brecht.

Alberto de Almeida Cavalcanti (Rio de Janeiro, 6 février 1897 - Paris, 23 août 1982) est un scénariste, réalisateur et producteur d'origine brésilienne.

Diplômé en architecture-décoration de l'École des Beaux-Arts de Genève en 1916, Alberto Cavalcanti arrive à Paris au début des années 1920, et s’installe très tôt en France. Il se lie rapidement aux milieux d'avant-garde de l’époque et, après diverses expériences en tant que décorateur (notamment de L'Inhumaine de Marcel L'Herbier), il commence sa carrière de réalisateur en 1926 avec son premier film, Rien que les heures. La même année, il prend la nationalité française.

Maître authentique de l’art cinématographique brésilien du XXe siècle, Cavalcanti a enraciné sa réputation en tant que documentariste en Grande-Bretagne pendant les années 1930, avant de renforcer sa renommée par la production de quelques grands films pour les studios Ealing.

Cinéaste cosmopolite, on le découvre à Londres aux côtés de John Grierson dans les années 1930 pour la réalisation d'un documentaire Coal Face ou dans l'équipe son de Courrier de nuit (Night Mail, 1936) produit par Grierson. Il participe au grand mouvement documentaire-réaliste.

À la fin des années 1940, de retour au Brésil, il tente de redonner une nouvelle impulsion au cinéma national.

Il tourne ensuite en République fédérale d'Allemagne Maître Puntila et son valet Matti (Herr Puntila und sein Knecht Matti, 1956) d'après la pièce de Bertolt Brecht, et de nouveau au Brésil, Le Chant de la mer (O Canto do mar, 1954).

Source: Article "Alberto Cavalcanti" de Wikipédia en français, soumis à la licence CC-BY-SA 3.0.

Alberto de Almeida Cavalcanti was a Brazilian-born film director and producer. He was born in Rio de Janeiro, the son of a prominent mathematician. He was a precociously intelligent child, and by the age of 15 was studying law at university. Following an argument with a professor he was expelled. His father sent him to Geneva, Switzerland on condition that he did not study law or politics. Cavalcanti chose to study architecture instead. At 18 he moved to Paris to work for an architect, later switching to working on interior design. After a visit back to Brazil he took up a position at the Brazilian consulate in Liverpool, England.

Cavalcanti corresponded with Marcel L'Herbier, a leading light in France's avant-garde film movement. This led to a job offer from L'Herbier for Cavalcanti to work as a set designer. So, in 1920 he left his job at the Consulate and moved back to France to work for L'Herbier; he was to be involved in the making of numerous films, the most notable being L'Inhumaine.

He was soon making his own films, in 1926 directing his first, Rien Que les Heures (Nothing But Time) — a day in the life of Paris and its citizens. In 1927 he collaborated with Walter Ruttmann on a similar project set in Berlin, called Berlin: Die Sinfonie der Großstadt (Berlin: Symphony of a Big City).

Cavalcanti took a job with Paramount's French studios after the talkies came in, but he found himself making more commercial films which could not hold his interest and left Paramount in 1933. In the same year he returned to England to work for John Grierson's GPO Film Unit. He was involved in many capacities, from production to sound engineer. He was to spend seven years at the GPO Film Unit, working on many projects. Much of his work at the GPO was uncredited, he acted as a mentor to many new film makers, but in 1937 he was appointed acting head of the GPO Film Unit when Grierson left for Canada. When told that the only way the position could become permanent was to become a naturalized British citizen, he decided to leave the unit.

In 1940 Cavalcanti joined Ealing Studios, under the leadership of producer Michael Balcon. He worked as an art editor, producer and director. His most notable works of this period (many of them propaganda films) were Yellow Caesar (1941), Went the Day Well? (1942), Three Songs of Resistance (1943), Champagne Charlie (1944), Dead of Night (as co-director) (1945) and Nicholas Nickleby (1947). In 1946 Cavalcanti left Ealing over a dispute about money. He went on to direct three more films in the UK, before returning to Brazil in 1950.

In Brazil he worked as a producer for Companhia Cinematográfica Vera Cruz; the company eventually became insolvent. After being blacklisted as a communist in Brazil, he decided to move back to Europe in 1954. He eventually settled in France, where he continued his work in television. He died in Paris in 1982 at the age of 85.