La jeune Jacqueline Presle est placée dans un pensionnat par ses parents. Elle y est entourée de jeunes filles qui comme elle sont délaissées par leurs parents divorcés ou en instance de divorce.

Les pensionnaires de l'institut Villand sont presque toutes enfants de parents séparés ou divorcés. Elles fondent la Licodipa, ligue contre le divorce des parents, après qu'une des leurs ait tenté de se suicider en apprenant que sa mère avait brisé le ménage des parents d'une de ses amies.

Jeune Filles en Detresse (Young Girls in Distress) was director G. W. Pabst's last French production before his (ill-timed) return to Nazi-occupied Austria in 1941. Somewhat reminiscent of Maedchen in Uniform, the story is set in a private girl's school, populated almost exclusively by children from broken homes. Among the few students who can claim family stability is Micheline Presle, but even her happiness is threatened when her lawyer father Andre Luguet inaugurates an affair with stage actress Jacqueline Debulac. With the help of Debulac's daughter Louisa Carletti, Presle is able to break up her father's romance and deliver him into the open arms of her mother Marcelle Chantal. On the whole, the performance by the younger cast members are more convincing than those rendered by the film's so-called adults.